STATE FARMS IN THE URALS IN THE FIRST POST-WAR YEARS

Abstract

The article analyzes the dynamics of the number of Soviet farms in the Urals, their departmental affiliation and production sector in 1946—1950. The academic significance of the research is determined by both the problem under study and the introduction of new documents from two major federal archives. The analysis indicates that at the end of the IV Five-Year Plan most of the Soviet farms in the Urals, as in previous years, were under the jurisdiction of the People's Commissariat of State Farms of the USSR, as well © Мотревич В. П., 2024 34 Мотревич В. П. Совхозы на Урале в первые послевоенные годы as the Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR. The reforms carried out in agriculture often confused and complicated the management system and did not bring the expected results. The existing management system separated state farms from the local authorities. The analysis of archival materials shows that in the first post-war years, the pre-war number of state farms was gradually going up, and by the end of the IV Five-Year Plan their number, both in the RSFSR and in the country as a whole, exceeded the pre-war rate. In the region under study, the number of Soviet farms rose, especially in the Kurgan and Chkalov regions. By the end of the period under study, most of the Soviet farms in the Urals were subordinate to the Ministry of State Farms of the USSR. Most of the Ural state farms focused on livestock breeding. In Bashkiria and the regions of the Southern Urals, the role of grain farms was also significant