Живанович Милана Владиславовна

The April War of 1941 found approximately 30,000 Russian emigrants in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. As a result of the revolutionary events of 1917 and the Civil War (1918-1922), they left Russia and came to the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (KSS) (since 1929, the Kingdom of Yugoslavia) between 1919 and 1923. After the division of Yugoslavia as a result of the invasion of Germany and Italy in April 1941 and its capitulation, most of the representatives of this community remained passive, some decided to collaborate with the Germans, but there were also those who chose active resistance to the occupiers. Russian emigrants from a wide variety of professions (engineers, artists, academics, doctors) joined the fight against the occupiers on the territory of the former Yugoslavia. According to the calculations of the leading specialist in the history of the Russian diaspora in Yugoslavia, Aleksey Borisovich Arsenyev, more than 90 Russian doctors and nurses participated in the Resistance movement. Russian doctors were specialists in various fields of medicine. Most of those about whom we have information received their education in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia itself; some joined the Resistance as students of medical faculties. Among the doctors who fought fascism were representatives of the first generation of Russian refugees, including participants in the White movement. During the years of occupation, Russian doctors who participated in the partisan movement, joined the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia, ran hospitals, headed the epidemiological service, thus contributing to the fight against fascism. The article provides biographical information about only some of them

In the article on the basis of materials from Russian and Serbian archives, memoirs of representatives of the Russian abroad in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia, as well as literature, the history of the creation and activities of the Russian Public Library in the Russian House in Belgrade, the second Russian foreign library in terms of the number of books after the Turgenev Library in Paris, is presented

The article describes the contribution of Russian emigrants — academics and scholars of various profiles — to the development of science, culture and art of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes — the Kingdom of Yugoslavia — socialist Yugoslavia. In the period from 1919 to 1923 the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes hosted more than 40 thousand refugees from Russia. In this country, many Russians found work, the opportunity to continue their academic activities and careers. The qualifications, knowledge and experience of Russians were in demand in the newly proclaimed state. Russian professors filled the staff shortage in universities, participated in their establishing and development, contributing to the improvement of higher education in the country. Russian scientists also founded the Zootechnical Institute, the Institute of Agricultural Machines and Mechanisms, the Institute of Fertilizers, the Institute of Soil Science, the Entomological Institute in Belgrade, the Entomological Society of the Kingdom of the SCS, the Institute of Microbiology in Belgrade and others. Through the efforts of Prof. Aleksandr Ignatovski, there was established the first clinic of internal medicine in Belgrade. At the end of the Second World War, Russian scholars — members of the Royal Serbian Academy (Serbian Academy of Sciences) became founders of institutes attached to the Academy. Russian academics and scholars laid the foundations of new branches of science, as well as military-epidemiological doctrine. Russian emigrants also participated in the organization of the anti-epidemiological service of Yugoslavia, and Slovenian criminology and criminal statistics. Russian architects became undisputed authorities in all branches of construction activity, bringing the capital's architecture closer to European standards, modernizing the architectural appearance of the capital of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The opera and ballet art, thanks to the artists, choreographers and stage designers from Russia who worked in Belgrade and Ljubljana, reached the all-European level. The contribution of representatives of the Russian abroad in the development of cinematography and other spheres of culture and art was weighty