CONTRIBUTION OF RUSSIAN EMIGRANTS TO THE CULTURE AND SCIENCE OF YUGOSLAVIA

Abstract

The article describes the contribution of Russian emigrants — academics and scholars of various profiles — to the development of science, culture and art of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes — the Kingdom of Yugoslavia — socialist Yugoslavia. In the period from 1919 to 1923 the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes hosted more than 40 thousand refugees from Russia. In this country, many Russians found work, the opportunity to continue their academic activities and careers. The qualifications, knowledge and experience of Russians were in demand in the newly proclaimed state. Russian professors filled the staff shortage in universities, participated in their establishing and development, contributing to the improvement of higher education in the country. Russian scientists also founded the Zootechnical Institute, the Institute of Agricultural Machines and Mechanisms, the Institute of Fertilizers, the Institute of Soil Science, the Entomological Institute in Belgrade, the Entomological Society of the Kingdom of the SCS, the Institute of Microbiology in Belgrade and others. Through the efforts of Prof. Aleksandr Ignatovski, there was established the first clinic of internal medicine in Belgrade. At the end of the Second World War, Russian scholars — members of the Royal Serbian Academy (Serbian Academy of Sciences) became founders of institutes attached to the Academy. Russian academics and scholars laid the foundations of new branches of science, as well as military-epidemiological doctrine. Russian emigrants also participated in the organization of the anti-epidemiological service of Yugoslavia, and Slovenian criminology and criminal statistics. Russian architects became undisputed authorities in all branches of construction activity, bringing the capital's architecture closer to European standards, modernizing the architectural appearance of the capital of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The opera and ballet art, thanks to the artists, choreographers and stage designers from Russia who worked in Belgrade and Ljubljana, reached the all-European level. The contribution of representatives of the Russian abroad in the development of cinematography and other spheres of culture and art was weighty