PROBLEMS OF PUBLIC EDUCATION AND SOCIAL EDUCATION THE MARXSTADT DISTRICT IN 1918-1923

Abstract

The article is devoted to the problems of public education and social education of the Marxstad district of the Labor Commune (Oblast) of the Volga Germans — the first autonomous formation in the Volga region within the RSFSR, which existed from October 19, 1918 to December 19, 1923. This period is poorly covered in works on the history of public education of the German Volga region. The article uses the materials of two © Серенькая И. Н., 2023 60 Серенькая И. Н. Народное образование и социальное воспитание Марксштадского уезда в 1918—1923 гг. fonds of the State Historical Archive of the Volga Region Germans in Engels, which have not been covered by researchers. The catastrophic increase of homeless children set a task for the new authorities to organize social education institutions. The Department of Public Education, established in August 1918, faced a whole range of problems: the difficult situation of teachers, the shortage and inconsistency of school buildings, and the hostile attitude of the population towards Soviet changes. Despite the lack of money, misunderstanding and unwillingness of the population to accept revolutionary changes in schools, difficulties associated with the difficult situation in the county during the Civil War and famine of 1921, the new authorities solved these difficult tasks as much as possible