Vol. 3 No. 3 (2025)

The article considers the strategic partnership between Russia and the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Russia and the countries of the Central Asian region, being reliable allies and strategic partners, maintain close cooperation both at the bilateral level and within various international and regional organizations such as the United Nations, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the Collective Security Treaty Organization, Conference on Interaction and Confidence building Measures in Asia, and in the Russia — Central Asia format. It is concluded that the partnership relations between Russia and the countries of the Central Asian region meet the national interests of all its participants. Cooperation based on a common historical and civilizational heritage, similarity of socio-economic orientations contributes to strengthening collective security, political and economic stability in the region in response to current geopolitical challenges

The article considers the features of youth political activity in Europe, its main forms and factors influencing the level of involvement of young citizens in political processes. In the context of the transformation of post-industrial society, there are significant changes in the forms of political participation of young people in Europe. Traditional mechanisms of engagement, such as participation in elections, membership in political parties and youth organizations, are gradually losing popularity. It is connected with a crisis of confidence in classical party structures, decrease in the influence of institutionalized forms of politics, and increase in interest in alternative methods of political activism. Young people are increasingly using social media and protest movements to express their views and influence on political agenda. The main barriers preventing the active participation of young people in political life are considered, including a low level of trust in traditional political institutions, lack of necessary knowledge about democratic processes, and socio-economic factors. The role of digitalization of the political space is emphasized, which opens up new opportunities for interaction with the state and society. At the same time, there is a risk of fragmentation of youth initiatives and decrease in their long-term impact. The article analyzes key trends in the political mobilization of youth, explores the motives for participation, and discusses the prospects for the development of new forms of civic engagement. It is concluded that it is necessary to adapt political institutions to changing conditions and create new forms of interaction with young people, taking into account the digital transformation of society

The Soviet concept of friendship of peoples disappeared from political practice with the collapse of the Soviet Union. The article analyzes the causes of its occurrence and the directions of its practical implementation. For the first time, the author examines, using the example of legislative acts of the USSR, how the USSR leadership used the instrument of administrative and territorial division of the country to establish the “friendship of peoples”, how, through industrial projects in addition to other methods, the formation of the community of the Soviet people took place and how the education system served this purpose. The article pays special attention to the example of the Academy of Social Sciences under the Central Committee of the CPSU (ASS under CC of CPSU), established in 1946. The Academy became an important organization that influenced the careers of party and Soviet officials. From the very beginning, the emphasis was on the admission of graduate students and students from different regions and republics of the USSR. Over the years, its teaching staff also became multinational. The example of the ASS under the CC of the CPSU showed the general course of the Soviet state towards creating conditions for close communication between people of different cultures and languages, for them to get acquainted with each other, work together, achieve common goals, and mutual understanding. This development did not proceed in isolation from the general processes in the country. As well as outside its walls, the ASS lived through a campaign against cosmopolitanism, which resulted in persecution of Jewish professors. At the same time, some Jews, like people of other nationalities, were able to make memorable careers at the Academy

The article presents an analysis of the development of the system of additional professional education in the field of youth policy in Novosibirsk region. On the basis of theoretical research, programs and projects of professional development of specialists and heads of youth institutions, successful forms and methods of improving their professional skills are identified. The experience of other regions of the Russian Federation in developing professionalism in the youth sphere is analyzed. The theoretical approaches are summarized that make it possible to structure and systematize educational activities in the field of advanced training of graduates of educational institutions of higher education in the field of training “Organization of work with the youth”. The key components of the system of additional professional education are presented that meet the needs of the region and ensure the formation and development of the human resources potential of youth structures within the framework of the Corporate University project of the Agency for Support of Youth Initiatives in Novosibirsk Region. The following elements are defined as those forming the system of additional professional education: advanced training courses, training courses for certain categories of specialists, permanent online courses for specialists of youth organizations, an annual professional skills competition, internship programs. The conclusions substantiate the prospects for further development of the corporate model of additional professional education for specialists and managers in the field of youth policy in Novosibirsk region

The article deals with the issue of jurisdiction of cases in Comrades’ courts. The article analyzes the legislation in accordance with which the Comrades’ courts operated. A legal comparison of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated July 3, 1961, “On approval of the Provision on Comrades’ courts” and the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR dated March 11, 1977, “On the approval of the Provision on Comrades’ courts and the Provision on social councils on the work of Comrades’ courts” was made. The legal phenomenon of Comrades’ courts is analyzed. The author concludes that the activities of the Comrades’ courts aimed to reduce the burden on courts of general jurisdiction, shift the focus from punishment to education and prevention, and involve the general public in the process of educating those who committed crimes, offenses, and immoral acts

The article continues to publish the results of studying the historiography of civil service: an analysis of publications devoted to the departmental aspect of the civil service and the departmental policy of the state is given. The first part of the study, published in the Bulletin of Humanitarian Education (2024. No. 4), examines the basic points of the study (relevance of the topic, methodology and methods, justification of the chronological framework, etc.). The works identified during the search are divided into several thematic groups. The first group includes publications concerning the general historical and theoretical aspects of the state (civil) service in the past and present, they are considered in the published part of the study. The second part is currently in publication. This article reviews 18 papers (out of 147 analyzed in the course of research). Conclusions are drawn about the absence of a dominant trend in the study of the history of public service in individual departments during the period under review. In some works, there is a desire to go beyond the stated topic or to give an extended interpretation of the problems under consideration. When considering the specifics of the service in individual departments, it became clear that articles related to the history of customs authorities are more common, which may be a reflection of the specifics of the moment and is not a stable trend. The authors' research interests also include the organizational and legal basics of the activities of individual departments, the specifics of the formation of cadres of civil servants in specific departments, including the history of the development of the personnel training system in the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and post-Soviet periods. Attempts were made to address humanitarian problems related to public service: changes in public consciousness, the formation of corporate culture, internal ethics of official relations and other issues

The article considers the organizational structure and reorganization of the NKVD offices in the West Siberian Region in the 1930s. A brief description of the organizational and staff structure of administrations, departments, and offices in the NKVD system of republics, territories, and regions, as well as the process of their change and transformation, is given. Attention is paid to solving the issue of training operational personnel on the basis of newly created educational institutions in the NKVD system. A brief biographical information about the heads of the NKVD departments in the West Siberian Region is given. The author states that in the 1930s, the process of reforming state security agencies continued in the Soviet Union, driven by the need to solve their tasks in complex, rapidly changing internal and external conditions, and concludes that it is advisable to study the experience of security agencies in conditions of frequent reorganization

At the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, the Empire was at a disadvantage in the wars with the Xiongnu. The Chinese had not yet gained absolute control over the northern region, most of which was inhabited by the Xiongnu. Therefore, burials performed according to the Han rite in the first half of the second century BC are few in number. From the middle of the second century BC, thanks to the civil and military achievements of Emperor Wu, the armies of the empire won victory after victory in the war with the Xiongnu. In order to strengthen the border defense and manageability of the recently occupied territories, a number of large-scale immigration campaigns were conducted in the northern direction, thus these territories received a serious impetus for development. The influx of inhabitants from the Central Plain of China during this period was the main reason for sharp increase in the area of burials with obvious Chinese features. Since the end of the first century, the rulers of the Eastern Han, experiencing serious internal and external difficulties, lost control over some borderlands, especially in the northwest. A massive outflow of the agricultural population began. Thus, the activities of the Han Dynasty and the related ethnopolitical changes left a very noticeable archaeological trace

Based on field materials collected by the author in 2019-2020, the article considers traditional and typical Hakka provinces of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi social practices in the context of internal and transnational migration in the 20th century. The Hakka are a subgroup of the Han inhabiting the mountainous regions of Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, which has hardly been studied in Russian sinology and anthropology. Local villagers in Fujian Province identify themselves as “Hakka people.” These villages are, on the one hand, a curious example of the preservation of traditions of the Hakka identity, and, on the other, their changes under the influence of labor migration, since most of the villagers earn money in Europe and their families practice a transnational lifestyle. For migrants, a stay in their native villages during the period of rest is filled with activities in conceptual and ideological cultural spaces. Taking into account the peculiarities of indigenous and foreign customs, the author analyzes the traditions of holding family and clan holidays of indigenous Hakka in comparison with the traditions of the Hakka of other regions, as well as the Han as a whole. Under the influence of modern transnational and internal migrations, the absoluteness of the traditions of collective pastime is being rethought and questioned. At the same time, it is argued that the social practices under consideration - collective tea drinking and family and clan celebrations - demonstrate the identity of local Hakka, as well as the role of the institution of family and clans in the life of rural society and migrant families

The article is devoted to understanding the problems of preserving the cultural and historical heritage of Russian emigrants. The authors turned to a wide range of studies to analyze the concept of “cultural and historical heritage” in an international and national context. The phenomenon of preserving cultural and historical heritage in line with Russian and Chinese humanitarian policy is shown. The problems and prospects of preserving the cultural and historical heritage of Russian emigration in Harbin at the present stage are revealed. It is proved that heritage is a vivid embodiment of multicultural integration. The mutual influence of two cultures: the culture of Russian emigrants and the local culture of Harbin - formed a unique regional cultural landscape. Studying the processes of interchange between different cultures helps to better understand cultural diversity and the internal mechanism of cultural integration, and to contribute to respect for other cultures. An approach to the study of “heritage diplomacy” is proposed. The materials of the article can be used by government agencies to develop strategies for the development of culture, international cooperation, preservation of historical memory and cultural and historical heritage