Vol. 1 No. 3 (2023)

The article is devoted to the substantiation of A.S. Makarenko's pedagogical activity from the position of the modern concept of individual freedom. It is written on the basis of dialectical methodology, whose example is the research of one of the Frankfurt School leaders, A. Honneth, who studied the essence of freedom in its three inseparable components: negative, reflexive, and social freedom. At the same time, social freedom should be considered as a condition for the realization of the first two. It is proved that this concept of freedom can be used as a basis for theoretical understanding of A.S. Makarenko's pedagogical activity. The experience of the latter, in its turn, is also of interest for conceptualizing the phenomenon of freedom. The relevance of A.S. Makarenko's heritage for the development of the concept of democratic education is proved

The article is devoted to the consideration of the significance of the ideas of Soviet pedagogy in the context of the development of spiritual and moral values of future teachers of primary education. The relevance of the ideas of A.S. Makarenko, V.A. Sukhomlinsky, Sh.A. Amonashvili, S.L. Soloveichik is conditioned by the emphasis in their works on the understanding of kindness, conscience, labor, decency, and sensitivity as © Тыщук Д. С., 2023 24 Тыщук Д. С. Значимость идей советской педагогики… priority values for pedagogy. Revision of the value component of the professional competence of elementary school teachers is necessary to improve the quality of realization of noble humanistic educational and educational functions by elementary school teachers. Understanding of significant spiritual and moral postulates of outstanding teachers of the Soviet period as a basis for the development of spiritual and moral values of future teachers of primary education it seems to be a promising pedagogical strategy in the process of formation of the model of a highly qualified specialist - teacher of primary classes

The article highlights the main requirements for teachers in the system of secondary vocational education in the Soviet period and at the present stage. In the system of secondary vocational education at present the main requirements are the availability of secondary vocational education for teachers and professional development, the use of information technologies in pedagogical activities, fundamentalization, individualization of vocational education. In the Soviet period, in the second half of the twentieth century, the main requirements were unified working programs for the whole system of secondary vocational education, higher education of the teacher, methodological materials, etc

In the second half of the 2000s, mechanisms for the implementation of historical policy are gradually taking shape in Russia. One of its key elements was the development and promotion with the help of administrative resources, despite serious criticism in the academic and pedagogical environment, of a textbook on modern history by A.V. Filippov and A.A. Danilov. V. Filippov and A.A. Danilov. On the basis of the material presented in it, the wording of questions and tasks at the end of paragraphs, and methodological recommendations for teachers on topics about the postwar development of the USSR (1945-1953), the tools for building a protective narrative are identified. The use of critical discourse analysis allowed us to identify specific ways of ideological indoctrination in history teaching for high school students. It is quite natural that semantic constructions that form an anti-Western context are more widely represented in the first chapter describing the post-war confrontation between the USSR and the USA, and to the least extent - in the last chapter, where the everyday life of Soviet citizens is described. At the same time, the final edition of the textbook does not contain any apologetics of Stalin and the domestic and foreign policy pursued from 1945 to 1953, although the latter is presented in binary categories emphasizing the hostility of the West led by the United States. We can rather note the normalization of the interpretations of this period with occasional silence about the “inconvenient past”

The article is devoted to the socio-philosophical comprehension of the problems of humanitarian cooperation in the sphere of higher education in the post-Soviet space. The author refers to a wide range of sources and philosophical works. Humanitarian cooperation is presented in two perspectives: as a concept and as a phenomenon. When defining the term Эhumanitarian cooperationЭ on the basis of an interdisciplinary approach, three aspects are shown: political-legal, socio-cultural, anthropological. As a phenomenon, humanitarian cooperation lies in the field of Russian humanitarian policy abroad. The value bases of humanitarian policy in the sphere of education in the post-Soviet space are revealed. It is substantiated that humanitarian cooperation in the sphere of higher education is a powerful tool for promoting Russia abroad. The socio-philosophical approach to the study and realization of humanitarian cooperation in the sphere of higher education in the post-Soviet space is proposed

Over the past 20 years, the Russian educational system has gone through a series of reforms that have seriously changed it. New state standards and forms of certification of graduates aim to create equal opportunities of access to education for students and ensure its stable high level. Achieving these goals, it was supposed to allow Russian specialists to compete on an equal footing with their foreign colleagues in the global labor market, and for Russia to take a more successful position in the world system of division of labor. However, this practice shows that the problem of inequality in education, which the reforms were designed to eradicate, has reached a new level. The author, using a © Гордейчик Е. А., 2023 54 Гордейчик Е. А. Проблема образовательного неравенства: опыт современной России world-system approach combined with the ideas of critical pedagogy, analyzes the problems of borrowing and implementing successful educational models in the Russian educational system, as well as the factors limiting the access of lowincome Russians to full-fledged education in modern Russia

Nowadays, there is a high demand for higher education in Uzbekistan. To meet such a high demand, the country's leadership is taking additional measures to increase quotas and the number of higher education institutions. It is worth noting the close cooperation with the government of the Russian Federation, which contributes to the replenishment of the educational services market by opening branches of leading Russian universities. © Турсунова Р. Ю., 2023 64 Турсунова Р. Ю. Интеграция зарубежных вузов в образование Республики Узбекистан The branches of the leading universities of the Russian Federation, including Plekhanov Russian Academy of Economics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Gubkin Russian University of Oil and Gas, etc., were opened. At the same time, the opening branches of Russian universities provide training in the most in-demand fields in the country, while compensating for the lack of them in domestic universities. The opening of a branch of a Russian university in Uzbekistan is preceded by in-depth analytical work with ministries, agencies and leading industrial enterprises that provide jobs for future graduates of universities

The development of the system of scientific personnel training is an urgent task of modern Russia. This article discusses the issues of activation of this work in higher education. The integration of master's and postgraduate educational programs in similar areas is proposed as the main tool to strengthen the quality of training of young researchers. The work analyzes in detail the experience of designing an integrated educational program of Master's degree and postgraduate studies at the Siberian Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration. The aim of the article is to disclose meaningfully the tasks, conditions and mechanisms of cross-cutting training of future scientists within a single humanitarian academic and scientific track. The methodological basis of the study is systemic and causal analysis of the key elements of the project and the possibilities of its implementation. The main part of the study reveals the peculiarities of designing an integrated educational program, the possibilities of integrating master's and postgraduate track stages, analyzes in detail the technological features of this program, reveals the content of stages and their filling. There is practically no scientific journalism on this issue, so the authors have to use a limited range of sources

The article deals with the problems of training personnel of higher qualification category of social and humanitarian profile at the present stage of functioning of the system of higher education in Russia. The research is built on the basis of the principles of system approach, as well as the concept of lifelong learning, conducted using such methods as the analysis of open statistical data sets, comparison, generalization and analysis of the data of actual pedagogical research. With a focus on social and humanitarian directions of training, the characteristic of modern postgraduate education is given. Successful practices of passive adaptation of the system of postgraduate education organization in universities are selected and analyzed. The directions of development and dissemination of the existing positive experience of higher educational institutions are proposed, the most significant among which are the following: targeted training in postgraduate programs, increasing flexibility in the work of dissertation councils, differentiation of teaching and research activities in the training of personnel of higher qualification category. The proposed ways to solve the existing problems can be realized in the context of improving postgraduate education, including socio-humanitarian areas of training

The article considers the peculiarities of the Russian language functioning in the field of science and education in the countries of the new Russian abroad, the negative tendencies of the reduction of the area of the Russian language use in the former Soviet republics are noted, the reasons for these changes are indicated. At the same time the relevance of Russian as a language of education and science is shown: for young people from Central Asian countries getting higher education in Russia creates good prospects for building a professional career. The authors identified the language barrier as the main problem of sociocultural adaptation of foreign students studying in Russian institutes and proposed some methodological tools to overcome it as a research goal. The Siberian Institute of Management - Branch of RANEPA actively engaged in the work on strengthening ties with universities and schools of Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Mongolia, preparation of various educational and cultural programs for high school students, applicants and students from these countries. Generalization of this experience in promoting the Russian language in the post-Soviet space allowed us to draw conclusions about the importance of outbound cultural, educational and scientific events not only for the formation of speech and communicative skills of foreign applicants and students, but also for the development of international cooperation in science and education

The article describes and analyzes the experience of implementing the student teaching and learning project on teaching Russian to foreign students studying at Novosibirsk State Technical University within the framework of network educational programs with universities of near abroad. The main executors of the project are philology students - future teachers of Russian as a foreign language, who pass their practical © Кротова А. Г., 2023 95 СПЕЦИФИКА ПРОДВИЖЕНИЯ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА НА ПОСТСОВЕТСКОМ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕ training. The paper proves that this format of practical training forms the necessary professional competencies of trainees by means of solving a number of professional and pedagogical tasks, which are actualized at certain stages of the project. When describing the project, there is a focus on the specifics of the educational interaction “student-philologist - foreign student”: the difficulties (methodological, organizational) which faced by the students-practitioners are analyzed, as well as some linguocultural peculiarities of foreign students, conditioned by their national and educational tradition

The author of the article shows how difficult and specific was the path of independence of Central Asian states. After the collapse of the USSR, the independent states of the region, which had never solved domestic political issues on their own, faced many different problems. History has shown who gained independence and by what means. From both theoretical and practical points of view, all the new five states were not ready to become independent. The most bitter and bloody path was taken by Tajikistan, which was dragged into civil war for five years. Each state in the Central Asian region, which has similar traditions and culture to its neighbors, followed its own unique path of development. At the same time, all states of the Central Asian region have faced identical internal political problems: the threat of Islamic radicalism, socio-economic and intraconfessional problems, and problems of extremism, terrorism and separatism. The problem of Islamic radicalism has become particularly acute in Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Along with internal political and internal economic problems, the newly independent states have also faced foreign policy problems, namely border settlement and water and energy regulation. At present, the region is emphasizing the establishment of close cooperation between the newly independent states

The paper considers approaches to the definition of the concepts of "soft power" and "humanitarian diplomacy". It is noted that the differences in the definitions of "soft power" are due to national traditions of understanding this phenomenon. The specifics of Western and Eastern concepts of "soft power" are described. In the Western interpretation "soft power" is a set of certain tools that are already implemented in the system of state communications. In the Eastern model, "soft power" is realized by the state through the transmission of culture rather than political or ideological values. The article presents approaches to understanding humanitarian diplomacy, as well as considers the main challenges faced by the global community

The focus of attention is the problem of political choice of the Russian generation of millennials, those born after 1982. According to the views of some researchers, this cohort differs fundamentally from the previous ones in its political attitudes, since its youthful socialization took place in the conditions of relative prosperity of the noughties. © Пустовойт Ю. А., 2023 122 Пустовойт Ю. А. Миллениалы: мобилизационная повестка в городах Сибири в 2020—2021 гг. Other authors (Y. Levada) emphasize that the vertical institutions of power that construct society have remained unchanged, and these conditions contribute to the reproduction of the same behavioral patterns and characteristics that were inherent in the Soviet person. Based on observations, interviews, online research in Siberian cities, analysis of the course of election campaigns, as well as texts and images of politicians in New Year's addresses and polemics preceding the rallies in social networks and on Internet platforms (“case of January 23”), the author concludes that the youth mobilization agenda may be changing towards greater emotional expressiveness, personification and focus on the present. At the same time, political subjectivity and the construction of power relations are primarily determined by the place in the system of power, the specifics of the region (city) and only then by belonging to a particular generation

The article considers the evolution of urban space organization in the USSR and post-Soviet period on the example of Novosibirsk. As a working hypothesis, it is argued that the nature of social order influences the process of urban planning, stimulating the formation of a set of ideas and solutions reflected in urban infrastructure - layout, methods of development, architectural solutions, values used in the organization of urban space, etc. The conclusion is made about the ambiguity of the Novosibirsk development process due to the influence of many factors, starting from natural conditions, the nature of spiritual culture, the level of technological development, domestic and foreign policy situation and ending with the interests of individual enterprises. The opportunities for innovative development that existed in Soviet times due to the lack of private land ownership were not realized due to insufficient theoretical development of the city phenomenon, comprehension of the specifics of its organization in the socialist society and the dominance of external circumstances in relation to the city (except for the territory of Akademgorodok). At present, the development of the city is subordinated to the solutions realized in the past, which does not allow the use of holistic conceptual solutions. The key problem is the presence of private ownership of land and the priority of private interests, which do not allow creating a comfortable environment for residents

The article examines the history of a number of states that claimed to be the successors of the Roman Empire in ideological, legal and religious aspects. It is stated that the declaration of this or that state as the successor of Rome gave it significant political, cultural and religious advantages in Europe and in Asia. Briefly analyzed the process of the fall of the Roman Empire, the reasons that prompted various states and claimants to the royal title to declare themselves heirs of Rome. Within the framework of the theory of succession, a characterization of historical documents that are falsifications is given. The author also focuses on the characterization of the concept “Moscow is the Third Rome” as a continuation of religious tradition and the mission of preservation and protection of Christianity. This mission was committed to Rome and Constantinople, which were the strongholds of the Orthodox faith and later apostatized from true Christianity

The author refers to the concept of falsification of history and considers it on the example of Russian and foreign cinematography. Classification of historical falsifications in cinema is given, examples of various falsifications in films are given. The question of why distortion of reality in the movie industry is sometimes forgivable is addressed. As a result, it is concluded that the problems of falsification of historical events and phenomena become especially relevant in our days, as the cinema acts as an educator and enlightener of citizens